What does the term 'Federalism' mean?

Federalism refers to a system of governance in which power and authority are divided between a central government and smaller political units, such as states or provinces. This division of power allows for multiple levels of government to coexist, each with its own responsibilities and authority. The central government typically handles national issues like defense and foreign affairs, while individual states have control over local matters, such as education and transportation.

This arrangement enables a balance of power that can accommodate diverse interests across the different regions of a country. It also allows for local governance that can be more finely tuned to the specific needs and preferences of various communities. By spreading out power, federalism aims to prevent any single entity from becoming too powerful, thereby supporting democratic principles and encouraging political participation at multiple levels.