What is federalism?

Federalism is defined as the division of power between national and state governments. This system allows for multiple levels of government, each with its own powers and responsibilities, which contributes to a balance of power within the country. In the United States, the Constitution establishes federalism by delineating specific powers to the national government, reserved powers to the states, and concurrent powers that both levels can exercise.

This structure promotes a system of governance where states can tailor their laws and policies to fit the unique needs of their populations while also adhering to federal laws that apply nationwide. By empowering both levels of government, federalism allows for local governance and innovation, while maintaining a unified nation under a central authority. This relationship creates a dynamic where states can experiment with different solutions to problems, often leading to effective policies that can be emulated by others. Overall, the dual sovereignty characteristic of federalism is an essential aspect of American democracy.